1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7  *
8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9  *
10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14  * limitations under the License.
15  */
16 
17 #include "berberis/runtime_primitives/virtual_guest_call_frame.h"
18 
19 #include <cstdint>
20 
21 #include "berberis/base/checks.h"
22 #include "berberis/guest_state/guest_addr.h"
23 #include "berberis/guest_state/guest_state.h"
24 
25 namespace berberis {
26 
27 GuestAddr ScopedVirtualGuestCallFrame::g_return_address_ = {};
28 
29 // For RISC-V, guest function preserves at least sp and returns by jumping
30 // to address provided in ra. So here ctor emulates the following code:
31 //
32 //   # save register to be changed and maintain stack alignment
33 //   addi sp, sp, -16
34 //   sd fp, 0(sp)
35 //   sd ra, 8(sp)
36 //   addi fp, x0, sp
37 //
38 //   <parameters passing happens after ctor, adjusts a0-7, sp>
39 //
40 //   ra = 'special-return-addr'  # ensure stop after return and call guest function, as
41 //   pc = 'pc'                   #   'special-return-addr': jalr ra, 0('pc')
42 //
43 // and dtor emulates the following code:
44 //
45 //   addi sp, x0, fp
46 //   # restore registers
47 //   ld fp, 0(sp)
48 //   ld ra, 8(sp)
49 //   addi sp, sp, 16
50 //
ScopedVirtualGuestCallFrame(CPUState * cpu,GuestAddr pc)51 ScopedVirtualGuestCallFrame::ScopedVirtualGuestCallFrame(CPUState* cpu, GuestAddr pc) : cpu_(cpu) {
52   // addi sp, sp, -16
53   SetXReg<SP>(*cpu_, GetXReg<SP>(*cpu_) - 16);
54   // sd fp, 0(sp)
55   // sd ra, 8(sp)
56   uint64_t* saved_regs = ToHostAddr<uint64_t>(GetXReg<SP>(*cpu_));
57   saved_regs[0] = GetXReg<FP>(*cpu_);
58   saved_regs[1] = GetXReg<RA>(*cpu_);
59   // addi fp, x0, sp
60   SetXReg<FP>(*cpu_, GetXReg<SP>(*cpu_));
61 
62   // For safety checks!
63   stack_pointer_ = GetXReg<FP>(*cpu_);
64   link_register_ = GetXReg<RA>(*cpu_);
65 
66   program_counter_ = cpu_->insn_addr;
67 
68   // Set pc and ra as for 'jalr ra, <guest>'.
69   SetXReg<RA>(*cpu_, g_return_address_);
70   cpu_->insn_addr = pc;
71 }
72 
~ScopedVirtualGuestCallFrame()73 ScopedVirtualGuestCallFrame::~ScopedVirtualGuestCallFrame() {
74   // Safety check - returned to correct pc?
75   CHECK_EQ(g_return_address_, cpu_->insn_addr);
76   // Safety check - guest call didn't preserve fp?
77   CHECK_EQ(stack_pointer_, GetXReg<FP>(*cpu_));
78 
79   SetXReg<SP>(*cpu_, GetXReg<FP>(*cpu_));
80 
81   const uint64_t* saved_regs = ToHostAddr<uint64_t>(GetXReg<SP>(*cpu_));
82   // ld fp, 0(sp)
83   // ld ra, 8(sp)
84   SetXReg<FP>(*cpu_, saved_regs[0]);
85   SetXReg<RA>(*cpu_, saved_regs[1]);
86   // addi sp, sp, 16
87   SetXReg<SP>(*cpu_, GetXReg<SP>(*cpu_) + 16);
88   cpu_->insn_addr = program_counter_;
89 
90   // Safety checks - guest stack was smashed?
91   CHECK_EQ(link_register_, GetXReg<RA>(*cpu_));
92 }
93 
94 }  // namespace berberis
95