1 /*-
2  * Written by J.T. Conklin <jtc@netbsd.org>
3  * Public domain.
4  *
5  *	$NetBSD: search.h,v 1.12 1999/02/22 10:34:28 christos Exp $
6  * $FreeBSD: release/9.0.0/include/search.h 105250 2002-10-16 14:29:23Z robert $
7  */
8 
9 #pragma once
10 
11 /**
12  * @file search.h
13  * @brief Queues, hash tables, trees, and linear array searches.
14  */
15 
16 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
17 #include <sys/types.h>
18 
19 /** See hsearch()/hsearch_r(). */
20 typedef enum {
21   FIND,
22   ENTER
23 } ACTION;
24 
25 /** See hsearch()/hsearch_r(). */
26 typedef struct entry {
27   /** The string key. */
28   char* _Nullable key;
29   /** The associated data. */
30   void* _Nullable data;
31 } ENTRY;
32 
33 /**
34  * Constants given to the twalk() visitor.
35  * Note that the constant names are misleading.
36  */
37 typedef enum {
38   /**
39    * If this is the first visit to a non-leaf node.
40    * Use this for *preorder* traversal.
41    */
42   preorder,
43   /**
44    * If this is the second visit to a non-leaf node.
45    * Use this for *inorder* traversal.
46    */
47   postorder,
48   /**
49    * If this is the third visit to a non-leaf node.
50    * Use this for *postorder* traversal.
51    */
52   endorder,
53   /** If this is the first and only visit to a leaf node. */
54   leaf
55 } VISIT;
56 
57 #if defined(__USE_BSD) || defined(__USE_GNU)
58 /** The hash table type for hcreate_r()/hdestroy_r()/hsearch_r(). */
59 struct hsearch_data {
60   struct __hsearch* _Nullable __hsearch;
61 };
62 #endif
63 
64 __BEGIN_DECLS
65 
66 /**
67  * [insque(3)](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/insque.3.html) inserts
68  * an item in a queue (an intrusive doubly-linked list).
69  */
70 void insque(void* _Nonnull __element, void* _Nullable __previous);
71 
72 /**
73  * [remque(3)](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/remque.3.html) removes
74  * an item from a queue (an intrusive doubly-linked list).
75  */
76 void remque(void* _Nonnull __element);
77 
78 /**
79  * [hcreate(3)](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/hcreate.3.html)
80  * initializes the global hash table, with space for at least `__n` elements.
81  *
82  * See hcreate_r() if you need more than one hash table.
83  *
84  * Returns *non-zero* on success and returns 0 and sets `errno` on failure.
85  *
86  * Available since API level 28.
87  */
88 int hcreate(size_t __n) __INTRODUCED_IN(28);
89 
90 /**
91  * [hdestroy(3)](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/hdestroy.3.html) destroys
92  * the global hash table.
93  *
94  * See hdestroy_r() if you need more than one hash table.
95  *
96  * Available since API level 28.
97  */
98 void hdestroy(void) __INTRODUCED_IN(28);
99 
100 /**
101  * [hsearch(3)](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/hsearch.3.html) finds or
102  * inserts `__entry` in the global hash table, based on `__action`.
103  *
104  * See hsearch_r() if you need more than one hash table.
105  *
106  * Returns a pointer to the entry on success, and returns NULL and sets
107  * `errno` on failure.
108  *
109  * Available since API level 28.
110  */
111 ENTRY* _Nullable hsearch(ENTRY __entry, ACTION __action) __INTRODUCED_IN(28);
112 
113 #if defined(__USE_BSD) || defined(__USE_GNU)
114 
115 /**
116  * [hcreate_r(3)](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/hcreate_r.3.html)
117  * initializes a hash table `__table` with space for at least `__n` elements.
118  *
119  * Returns *non-zero* on success and returns 0 and sets `errno` on failure.
120  *
121  * Available since API level 28.
122  */
123 int hcreate_r(size_t __n, struct hsearch_data* _Nonnull __table) __INTRODUCED_IN(28);
124 
125 /**
126  * [hdestroy_r(3)](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/hdestroy_r.3.html) destroys
127  * the hash table `__table`.
128  *
129  * Available since API level 28.
130  */
131 void hdestroy_r(struct hsearch_data* _Nonnull __table) __INTRODUCED_IN(28);
132 
133 /**
134  * [hsearch_r(3)](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/hsearch_r.3.html) finds or
135  * inserts `__entry` in the hash table `__table`, based on `__action`.
136  *
137  * Returns *non-zero* on success and returns 0 and sets `errno` on failure.
138  * A pointer to the entry is returned in `*__result`.
139  *
140  * Available since API level 28.
141  */
142 int hsearch_r(ENTRY __entry, ACTION __action, ENTRY* _Nullable * _Nonnull __result, struct hsearch_data* _Nonnull __table) __INTRODUCED_IN(28);
143 
144 #endif
145 
146 /**
147  * [lfind(3)](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/lfind.3.html) brute-force
148  * searches the unsorted array `__array` (of `__count` items each of size `__size`)
149  * for `__key`, using `__comparator`.
150  *
151  * See bsearch() if you have a sorted array.
152  *
153  * Returns a pointer to the matching element on success, or NULL on failure.
154  */
155 void* _Nullable lfind(const void* _Nonnull __key, const void* _Nonnull __array, size_t* _Nonnull __count, size_t __size, int (* _Nonnull __comparator)(const void* _Nonnull, const void* _Nonnull));
156 
157 /**
158  * [lsearch(3)](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/lsearch.3.html) brute-force
159  * searches the unsorted array `__array` (of `__count` items each of size `__size`)
160  * for `__key`, using `__comparator`.
161  *
162  * Unlike lfind(), on failure lsearch() will *insert* `__key` at the end of
163  * `__array` and increment `*__count`.
164  *
165  * Returns a pointer to the matching element on success, or to the newly-added
166  * element on failure.
167  */
168 void* _Nonnull lsearch(const void* _Nonnull __key, void* _Nonnull __array, size_t* _Nonnull __count, size_t __size, int (* _Nonnull __comparator)(const void* _Nonnull, const void* _Nonnull));
169 
170 /**
171  * [tdelete(3)](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/tdelete.3.html) searches
172  * for and removes an element in the tree `*__root_ptr`. The search is performed
173  * using `__comparator`.
174  *
175  * Returns a pointer to the parent of the deleted node, or NULL on failure.
176  */
177 void* _Nullable tdelete(const void* _Nonnull __key, void* _Nullable * _Nullable __root_ptr, int (* _Nonnull __comparator)(const void* _Nonnull, const void* _Nonnull));
178 
179 /**
180  * [tdestroy(3)](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/tdestroy.3.html) destroys
181  * the hash table `__root` using `__free_fn` on each node.
182  */
183 void tdestroy(void* _Nullable __root, void (* _Nullable __free_fn)(void* _Nullable));
184 
185 /**
186  * [tfind(3)](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/tfind.3.html) searches
187  * for an element in the tree `*__root_ptr`. The search is performed using
188  * `__comparator`.
189  *
190  * Returns a pointer to the matching node, or NULL on failure.
191  */
192 void* _Nullable tfind(const void* _Nonnull __key, void* _Nullable const* _Nullable __root_ptr, int (* _Nonnull __comparator)(const void* _Nonnull, const void* _Nonnull));
193 
194 /**
195  * [tsearch(3)](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/tsearch.3.html) searches
196  * for an element in the tree `*__root_ptr`. The search is performed using
197  * `__comparator`.
198  *
199  * Unlike tfind(), on failure tsearch() will *insert* `__key` into the tree.
200  *
201  * Returns a pointer to the matching node, or to the newly-added node.
202  */
203 void* _Nullable tsearch(const void* _Nonnull __key, void* _Nullable * _Nullable __root_ptr, int (* _Nonnull __comparator)(const void* _Nonnull, const void* _Nonnull));
204 
205 /**
206  * [twalk(3)](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/twalk.3.html) calls
207  * `__visitor` on every node in the tree.
208  */
209 void twalk(const void* _Nullable __root, void (* _Nullable __visitor)(const void* _Nullable, VISIT, int));
210 
211 __END_DECLS
212