1 /*
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3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4  *
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8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
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11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
15  * accompanied this code).
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
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24  */
25 
26 package java.lang;
27 
28 /**
29  * The class {@code Exception} and its subclasses are a form of
30  * {@code Throwable} that indicates conditions that a reasonable
31  * application might want to catch.
32  *
33  * <p>The class {@code Exception} and any subclasses that are not also
34  * subclasses of {@link RuntimeException} are <em>checked
35  * exceptions</em>.  Checked exceptions need to be declared in a
36  * method or constructor's {@code throws} clause if they can be thrown
37  * by the execution of the method or constructor and propagate outside
38  * the method or constructor boundary.
39  *
40  * @author  Frank Yellin
41  * @see     java.lang.Error
42  * @jls 11.2 Compile-Time Checking of Exceptions
43  * @since   1.0
44  */
45 public class Exception extends Throwable {
46     @java.io.Serial
47     static final long serialVersionUID = -3387516993124229948L;
48 
49     /**
50      * Constructs a new exception with {@code null} as its detail message.
51      * The cause is not initialized, and may subsequently be initialized by a
52      * call to {@link #initCause}.
53      */
Exception()54     public Exception() {
55         super();
56     }
57 
58     /**
59      * Constructs a new exception with the specified detail message.  The
60      * cause is not initialized, and may subsequently be initialized by
61      * a call to {@link #initCause}.
62      *
63      * @param   message   the detail message. The detail message is saved for
64      *          later retrieval by the {@link #getMessage()} method.
65      */
Exception(String message)66     public Exception(String message) {
67         super(message);
68     }
69 
70     /**
71      * Constructs a new exception with the specified detail message and
72      * cause.  <p>Note that the detail message associated with
73      * {@code cause} is <i>not</i> automatically incorporated in
74      * this exception's detail message.
75      *
76      * @param  message the detail message (which is saved for later retrieval
77      *         by the {@link #getMessage()} method).
78      * @param  cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the
79      *         {@link #getCause()} method).  (A {@code null} value is
80      *         permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or
81      *         unknown.)
82      * @since  1.4
83      */
Exception(String message, Throwable cause)84     public Exception(String message, Throwable cause) {
85         super(message, cause);
86     }
87 
88     /**
89      * Constructs a new exception with the specified cause and a detail
90      * message of {@code (cause==null ? null : cause.toString())} (which
91      * typically contains the class and detail message of {@code cause}).
92      * This constructor is useful for exceptions that are little more than
93      * wrappers for other throwables (for example, {@link
94      * java.security.PrivilegedActionException}).
95      *
96      * @param  cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the
97      *         {@link #getCause()} method).  (A {@code null} value is
98      *         permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or
99      *         unknown.)
100      * @since  1.4
101      */
Exception(Throwable cause)102     public Exception(Throwable cause) {
103         super(cause);
104     }
105 
106     /**
107      * Constructs a new exception with the specified detail message,
108      * cause, suppression enabled or disabled, and writable stack
109      * trace enabled or disabled.
110      *
111      * @param  message the detail message.
112      * @param cause the cause.  (A {@code null} value is permitted,
113      * and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or unknown.)
114      * @param enableSuppression whether or not suppression is enabled
115      *                          or disabled
116      * @param writableStackTrace whether or not the stack trace should
117      *                           be writable
118      * @since 1.7
119      */
Exception(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace)120     protected Exception(String message, Throwable cause,
121                         boolean enableSuppression,
122                         boolean writableStackTrace) {
123         super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
124     }
125 }
126